Special Characters and Formatting

[Formatting] [Misc. Characters] [Math Symbols]
[Accented Characters] [Greek Letters] [Examples]

Please use the following codes to achieve the proper formatting and display special characters.

Notes:

Special character codes are CASE SENSITITVE.
For example, À and à are not the same character.
Depending on your browser, many special characters and codes will display properly onscreen. But some won't.

Formatting (Back to top)

`Format`	`Example`	`Use this HTML code`
`italic`	`in vitro`	`<I>in vitro</I>`
`boldface`	`methods`	`<B>methods</B>`
`underline`	`Cleavage Stimulation Factor`	`<U>C</U>eavage <U>S</U>timulation <U>F</U>actor`
`superscript`	`Ca²`	`Ca<SUP>2</SUP>`
`subscript`	`CO₂`	`CO<SUB>2</SUB>`
`paragraph`	`any text... new paragraph...`	`any text... <p> new paragraph...`

Misc. Characters (Back to top)

`Character`	`Example`	`Use this HTML code`
`em dash`	`—`	`—`
`en dash`	`–`	`–`
`ampersand`	`&`	`&`
`degree`	`°`	`°`
`copyright`	`©`	`©`
`trademark`	`™`	`™`
`registered trademark`	`®`	`®`
`per thousand`	`‰`	`&permil;`

Math Symbols (Back to top)

`Symbol`	`Example`	`Use this HTML code`
`minus`	`−`	`−`
`plus or minus`	`±`	`±`
`times sign`	`×`	`×`
`divide`	`÷`	`÷`
`greater than`	`>`	`>`
`less than`	`<`	`<`
`greater than or equal to`	`≥`	`≥`
`less than or equal to`	`≤`	`≤`
`similar`	`~`	`&sim;`
`approximate`	`≈`	`≈`
`product dot`	`⋅`	`⋅`

Accented Characters (Back to top)

`Character`	`Example`	`Use this HTML code`
`capital A, grave`	`À`	`À`
`capital A, acute`	`Á`	`Á`
`capital A, circumflex`	`Â`	`Â`
`capital A, tilde`	`Ã`	`Ã`
`capital A, umlaut`	`Ä`	`Ä`
`capital A, ring`	`Å`	`Å`
`capital AE dipthong`	`Æ`	`Æ`
`capital C, cedilla`	`Ç`	`Ç`
`capital E, grave`	`È`	`È`
`capital E, accute`	`É`	`É`
`capital E, circumflex`	`Ê`	`Ê`
`capital E, umlaut`	`Ë`	`Ë`
`capital I, grave`	`Ì`	`Ì`
`capital I, acute`	`Í`	`Í`
`captial I, circ`	`Î`	`Î`
`capital I, umlaut`	`Ï`	`Ï`
`capital Eth, Icelandic`	`Ð`	`Ð`
`capital N, tilde`	`Ñ`	`Ñ`
`capital O, grave`	`Ò`	`Ò`
`capital O, acute`	`Ó`	`Ó`
`capital O, circumflex`	`Ô`	`Ô`
`capital O, tilde`	`Õ`	`Õ`
`capital O, umlaut`	`Ö`	`Ö`
`capital O, slash`	`Ø`	`Ø`
`capital U, grave`	`Ù`	`Ù`
`capital U, acute`	`Ú`	`Ú`
`capital U, circumflex`	`Û`	`Û`
`capital U, umlaut`	`Ü`	`Ü`
`capital Y, acute`	`Ý`	`Ý`
`capital THORN, Icelandic`	`Þ`	`Þ`
`small sharp s, German`	`ß`	`ß`
`small a, grave`	`à`	`à`
`small a, acute`	`á`	`á`
`small a, circumflex`	`â`	`â`
`small a, tilde`	`ã`	`ã`
`small a, umlaut`	`ä`	`ä`
`small a, ring`	`å`	`å`
`small ae, dipthong`	`æ`	`æ`
`small c, cedilla`	`ç`	`ç`
`small e, grave`	`è`	`è`
`small e, acute`	`é`	`é`
`small e, circumflex`	`ê`	`ê`
`small e, umlaut`	`ë`	`ë`
`small i, grave`	`ì`	`ì`
`small i, acute`	`í`	`í`
`small i, circumflex`	`î`	`î`
`small i, umlaut`	`ï`	`ï`
`small eth, Icelandic`	`ð`	`ð`
`small n, tilde`	`ñ`	`ñ`
`small o, grave`	`ò`	`ò`
`small o, acute`	`ó`	`ó`
`small o, circumflex`	`ô`	`ô`
`small o, tilde`	`õ`	`õ`
`small o, umlaut`	`ö`	`ö`
`small o, slash`	`ø`	`ø`
`small u, grave`	`ù`	`ù`
`small u, acute`	`ú`	`ú`
`small u, circumflex`	`û`	`û`
`small u, umlaut`	`ü`	`ü`
`small y, acute`	`ý`	`ý`
`small thorn, Icelandic`	`þ`	`þ`
`small y, umlaut`	`ÿ`	`ÿ`

Greek Characters (Back to top)

`Character`	`Example`	`Use this HTML code`
`small alpha`	`α`	`α`
`small beta`	`β`	`β`
`small gamma`	`γ`	`γ`
`capital Gamma`	`Γ`	`Γ`
`small delta`	`δ`	`δ`
`capital Delta`	`Δ`	`Δ`
`small epsilon`	`ε`	`&epsi;`
`varepsilon`	`ϵ`	`ϵ`
`small zeta`	`ζ`	`ζ`
`small eta`	`η`	`η`
`straight theta`	`&thetas;`	`&thetas;`
`capital Theta`	`Θ`	`Θ`
`curly or open theta`	`ϑ`	`ϑ`
`small iota`	`ι`	`ι`
`small kappa`	`κ`	`κ`
`small lamda`	`λ`	`&lamda;`
`capital Lamda`	`Λ`	`&Lamda;`
`small mu`	`μ`	`μ`
`small nu`	`ν`	`ν`
`small xi`	`ξ`	`ξ`
`capital Xi`	`Ξ`	`Ξ`
`small pi`	`π`	`π`
`capital Pi`	`Π`	`Π`
`small rho`	`ρ`	`ρ`
`small sigma`	`σ`	`σ`
`capital Sigma`	`Σ`	`Σ`
`varsigma`	`ς`	`ς`
`small tau`	`τ`	`τ`
`small upsilon`	`&upsi;`	`&upsi;`
`capital Upsilon`	`&Upsi;`	`&Upsi;`
`straight phi`	`&phis;`	`&phis;`
`capital Phi`	`Φ`	`Φ`
`curly or open phi`	`ϕ`	`ϕ`
`small chi`	`χ`	`χ`
`small psi`	`ψ`	`ψ`
`capital Psi`	`Ψ`	`Ψ`
`small omega`	`ω`	`ω`
`capital Omega`	`Ω`	`Ω`

Examples (Back to top)

`Example`	`Use this HTML code`
`May 1–June 1 (range)`	`May 1–June 1`
`Ca²⁺`	`Ca<SUP>2+</SUP>`
`Texas A&M`	`Texas A&M`
`5.0 µM`	`5.0 μM`
`inhibin α and βA`	`inhibin α and βA`
`PGF_2α`	`PGF<SUB>2α</SUB>`
`6.14 × 10⁴`	`6.14 × 10<SUP>4</SUP>`